STAGER checklist: Standardized Testing and Assessment Guidelines for Evaluating Generative AI Reliability

Abstract

Generative Artificial Intelligence (AI) holds immense potential in medical applications. Numerous studies have explored the efficacy of various generative AI models within healthcare contexts, but there is a lack of a comprehensive and systematic evaluation framework. Given that some studies evaluating the ability of generative AI for medical applications have deficiencies in their methodological design, standardized guidelines for their evaluation are also currently lacking. In response, our objective is to devise standardized assessment guidelines tailored for evaluating the performance of generative AI systems in medical contexts. To this end, we conducted a thorough literature review using the PubMed and Google Scholar databases, focusing on research that tests generative AI capabilities in medicine. Our multidisciplinary team, comprising experts in life sciences, clinical medicine, medical engineering, and generative AI users, conducted several discussion sessions and developed a checklist of 23 items. The checklist is designed to encompass the critical evaluation aspects of generative AI in medical applications comprehensively. This checklist, and the broader assessment framework it anchors, address several key dimensions, including question collection, querying methodologies, and assessment techniques. We aim to provide a holistic evaluation of AI systems. The checklist delineates a clear pathway from question gathering to result assessment, offering researchers guidance through potential challenges and pitfalls. Our framework furnishes a standardized, systematic approach for research involving the testing of generative AI's applicability in medicine. It enhances the quality of research reporting and aids in the evolution of generative AI in medicine and life sciences.