Adaptive Meta-Learning for Robust Deepfake Detection: A Multi-Agent Framework to Data Drift and Model Generalization

Abstract

Pioneering advancements in artificial intelligence, especially in genAI, have enabled significant possibilities for content creation, but also led to widespread misinformation and false content. The growing sophistication and realism of deepfakes is raising concerns about privacy invasion, identity theft, and has societal, business impacts, including reputational damage and financial loss. Many deepfake detectors have been developed to tackle this problem. Nevertheless, as for every AI model, the deepfake detectors face the wrath of lack of considerable generalization to unseen scenarios and cross-domain deepfakes. Besides, adversarial robustness is another critical challenge, as detectors drastically underperform to the slightest imperceptible change. Most state-of-the-art detectors are trained on static datasets and lack the ability to adapt to emerging deepfake attack trends. These three crucial challenges though hold paramount importance for reliability in practise, particularly in the deepfake domain, are also the problems with any other AI application. This paper proposes an adversarial meta-learning algorithm using task-specific adaptive sample synthesis and consistency regularization, in a refinement phase. By focussing on the classifier's strengths and weaknesses, it boosts both robustness and generalization of the model. Additionally, the paper introduces a hierarchical multi-agent retrieval-augmented generation workflow with a sample synthesis module to dynamically adapt the model to new data trends by generating custom deepfake samples. The paper further presents a framework integrating the meta-learning algorithm with the hierarchical multi-agent workflow, offering a holistic solution for enhancing generalization, robustness, and adaptability. Experimental results demonstrate the model's consistent performance across various datasets, outperforming the models in comparison.