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arXiv · 2504.09195

ReferGPT: Towards Zero-Shot Referring Multi-Object Tracking

Tzoulio Chamiti·Leandro Di Bella·Adrian Munteanu·Nikos Deligiannis
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Abstract

Tracking multiple objects based on textual queries is a challenging task that requires linking language understanding with object association across frames. Previous works typically train the whole process end-to-end or integrate an additional referring text module into a multi-object tracker, but they both require supervised training and potentially struggle with generalization to open-set queries. In this work, we introduce ReferGPT, a novel zero-shot referring multi-object tracking framework. We provide a multi-modal large language model (MLLM) with spatial knowledge enabling it to generate 3D-aware captions. This enhances its descriptive capabilities and supports a more flexible referring vocabulary without training. We also propose a robust query-matching strategy, leveraging CLIP-based semantic encoding and fuzzy matching to associate MLLM generated captions with user queries. Extensive experiments on Refer-KITTI, Refer-KITTIv2 and Refer-KITTI+ demonstrate that ReferGPT achieves competitive performance against trained methods, showcasing its robustness and zero-shot capabilities in autonomous driving. The codes are available on https://github.com/Tzoulio/ReferGPT

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Tzoulio Chamiti, Leandro Di Bella, Adrian Munteanu, Nikos Deligiannis. 2025-04-12. ReferGPT: Towards Zero-Shot Referring Multi-Object Tracking. https://arxiv.org/abs/2504.09195

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