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arXiv · 2504.11989

Epstein zeta method for many-body lattice sums

Andreas A. Buchheit·Jonathan K. Busse
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Abstract

Many-body interactions arise naturally in the perturbative treatment of classical and quantum many-body systems and play a crucial role in the description of condensed matter systems. In the case of three-body interactions, the Axilrod-Teller-Muto (ATM) potential is highly relevant for the quantitative prediction of material properties. This work solves the long-standing issue of the numerical computation of the resulting energies in $d$-dimensional lattice systems. We present an efficiently computable representation of many-body lattice sums in terms of singular integrals over products of Epstein zeta functions. For three-body interactions in three dimensions, this approach reduces the runtime for computing the ATM lattice sum from weeks to minutes. Our approach further extends to a broad class of $n$-body lattice sums. We demonstrate that the computational cost of our method only increases linearly with $n$, evading the exponential increase in complexity of direct summation. We discuss techniques for numerically computing the arising singular integrals and compare the accuracy of our results against computable special cases and against direct summation in low dimensions, achieving full precision for exponents greater than the system dimension. Finally, we apply our method to study the stability of a three-dimensional lattice system with Lennard-Jones two-body interactions under the inclusion of an ATM three-body term at finite pressure, finding a transition from the face-centered-cubic to the body-centered-cubic lattice structure with increasing ATM coupling strength. This work establishes both the numerical and analytical foundation for an ongoing investigation into the influence of many-body interactions on the stability of matter.

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Andreas A. Buchheit, Jonathan K. Busse. 2026-06-12. Epstein zeta method for many-body lattice sums. https://arxiv.org/abs/2504.11989

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