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arXiv · 2505.20613

REAL-Prover: Retrieval Augmented Lean Prover for Mathematical Reasoning

Ziju Shen·Naohao Huang·Fanyi Yang·Yutong Wang·Guoxiong Gao·Tianyi Xu·Jiedong Jiang·Wanyi He·Pu Yang·Mengzhou Sun·Haocheng Ju·Peihao Wu·Bryan Dai·Bin Dong
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Abstract

Nowadays, formal theorem provers have made monumental progress on high-school and competition-level mathematics, but few of them generalize to more advanced mathematics. In this paper, we present REAL-Prover, a new open-source stepwise theorem prover for Lean 4 to push this boundary. This prover, based on our fine-tuned large language model (REAL-Prover-v1) and integrated with a retrieval system (Leansearch-PS), notably boosts performance on solving college-level mathematics problems. To train REAL-Prover-v1, we developed HERALD-AF, a data extraction pipeline that converts natural language math problems into formal statements, and a new open-source Lean 4 interactive environment (Jixia-interactive) to facilitate synthesis data collection. In our experiments, our prover using only supervised fine-tune achieves competitive results with a 23.7% success rate (Pass@64) on the ProofNet dataset-comparable to state-of-the-art (SOTA) models. To further evaluate our approach, we introduce FATE-M, a new benchmark focused on algebraic problems, where our prover achieves a SOTA success rate of 56.7% (Pass@64).

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Ziju Shen, Naohao Huang, Fanyi Yang, Yutong Wang, Guoxiong Gao, Tianyi Xu, Jiedong Jiang, Wanyi He, Pu Yang, Mengzhou Sun, Haocheng Ju, Peihao Wu, Bryan Dai, Bin Dong. 2025-11-24. REAL-Prover: Retrieval Augmented Lean Prover for Mathematical Reasoning. https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.20613

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