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arXiv · 2507.05381

Escape fractions from unattenuated Ly$α$ emitters around luminous $z>6$ quasars

Minghao Yue·Anna-Christina Eilers·Jorryt Matthee·Rohan P. Naidu·Rongmon Bordoloi·Frederick B. Davies·Joseph F. Hennawi·Daichi Kashino·Ruari Mackenzie·Robert A. Simcoe
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Abstract

Ionized proximity zones around luminous quasars provide a unique laboratory to characterize the Ly$α$ emission lines from $z>6$ galaxies without significant attenuation from the intergalactic medium (IGM). However, Ly$α$ line measurements for galaxies within high-redshift quasars' proximity zones have been rare so far. Here we present deep spectroscopic observations obtained with the NIRSpec/MSA instrument on the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) of galaxies in two $z>6$ quasar fields. We measure the Ly$α$ line fluxes for 50 galaxies at $6<z<7$ with UV absolute magnitude $M_\text{UV}<-19$ (median $M_\text{UV}=-19.97$), among which 15 are located near the luminous quasars, i.e. within $Δv<2500\rm\,km\,s^{-1}$. We find that galaxies near the quasars show significant flux bluewards of the systemic Ly$α$ wavelength, and have higher Ly$α$ equivalent width compared to galaxies at similar redshifts that are not located within the quasars' environment. Our result indicates little or no redshift evolution for the Ly$α$-emitter fraction from $z\sim6.4$ to $z\sim5$. Leveraging the low IGM opacity in the quasars' vicinity, we evaluate the Ly$α$ escape fraction ($f_\text{esc}^{\text{Ly}α}$) of high-redshift galaxies. Our analysis suggests that galaxies at $\langle z\rangle\approx6.4$ have an average $f_\text{esc}^{\text{Ly}α}=0.14\pm0.04$. This value is consistent with reionization models where the Lyman continuum escape fraction is low $(f_\text{esc}^\text{LyC}\lesssim0.1)$ for luminous galaxies, and where the most luminous galaxies have only a minor contribution to the total ionizing photon budget.

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Minghao Yue, Anna-Christina Eilers, Jorryt Matthee, Rohan P. Naidu, Rongmon Bordoloi, Frederick B. Davies, Joseph F. Hennawi, Daichi Kashino, Ruari Mackenzie, Robert A. Simcoe. 2025-09-22. Escape fractions from unattenuated Ly$α$ emitters around luminous $z>6$ quasars. https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.05381

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