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arXiv · 2507.05397

Neural-Driven Image Editing

Pengfei Zhou·Jie Xia·Xiaopeng Peng·Wangbo Zhao·Zilong Ye·Zekai Li·Suorong Yang·Jiadong Pan·Yuanxiang Chen·Ziqiao Wang·Kai Wang·Qian Zheng·Hao Jin·Xiaojun Chang·Gang Pan·Shurong Dong·Kaipeng Zhang·Yang You
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Abstract

Traditional image editing typically relies on manual prompting, making it labor-intensive and inaccessible to individuals with limited motor control or language abilities. Leveraging recent advances in brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) and generative models, we propose LoongX, a hands-free image editing approach driven by multimodal neurophysiological signals. LoongX utilizes state-of-the-art diffusion models trained on a comprehensive dataset of 23,928 image editing pairs, each paired with synchronized electroencephalography (EEG), functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), photoplethysmography (PPG), and head motion signals that capture user intent. To effectively address the heterogeneity of these signals, LoongX integrates two key modules. The cross-scale state space (CS3) module encodes informative modality-specific features. The dynamic gated fusion (DGF) module further aggregates these features into a unified latent space, which is then aligned with edit semantics via fine-tuning on a diffusion transformer (DiT). Additionally, we pre-train the encoders using contrastive learning to align cognitive states with semantic intentions from embedded natural language. Extensive experiments demonstrate that LoongX achieves performance comparable to text-driven methods (CLIP-I: 0.6605 vs. 0.6558; DINO: 0.4812 vs. 0.4636) and outperforms them when neural signals are combined with speech (CLIP-T: 0.2588 vs. 0.2549). These results highlight the promise of neural-driven generative models in enabling accessible, intuitive image editing and open new directions for cognitive-driven creative technologies. The code and dataset are released on the project website: https://loongx1.github.io.

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Pengfei Zhou, Jie Xia, Xiaopeng Peng, Wangbo Zhao, Zilong Ye, Zekai Li, Suorong Yang, Jiadong Pan, Yuanxiang Chen, Ziqiao Wang, Kai Wang, Qian Zheng, Hao Jin, Xiaojun Chang, Gang Pan, Shurong Dong, Kaipeng Zhang, Yang You. 2026-01-09. Neural-Driven Image Editing. https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.05397

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