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arXiv · 2510.07927

ASBench: Image Anomalies Synthesis Benchmark for Anomaly Detection

Qunyi Zhang·Songan Zhang·Jiaqi Liu·Jinbao Wang·Xiaoning Lei·Guoyang Xie·Guannan Jiang·Zhichao Lu
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Abstract

Anomaly detection plays a pivotal role in manufacturing quality control, yet its application is constrained by limited abnormal samples and high manual annotation costs. While anomaly synthesis offers a promising solution, existing studies predominantly treat anomaly synthesis as an auxiliary component within anomaly detection frameworks, lacking systematic evaluation of anomaly synthesis algorithms. Current research also overlook crucial factors specific to anomaly synthesis, such as decoupling its impact from detection, quantitative analysis of synthetic data and adaptability across different scenarios. To address these limitations, we propose ASBench, the first comprehensive benchmarking framework dedicated to evaluating anomaly synthesis methods. Our framework introduces four critical evaluation dimensions: (i) the generalization performance across different datasets and pipelines (ii) the ratio of synthetic to real data (iii) the correlation between intrinsic metrics of synthesis images and anomaly detection performance metrics , and (iv) strategies for hybrid anomaly synthesis methods. Through extensive experiments, ASBench not only reveals limitations in current anomaly synthesis methods but also provides actionable insights for future research directions in anomaly synthesis

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Qunyi Zhang, Songan Zhang, Jiaqi Liu, Jinbao Wang, Xiaoning Lei, Guoyang Xie, Guannan Jiang, Zhichao Lu. 2026-04-10. ASBench: Image Anomalies Synthesis Benchmark for Anomaly Detection. https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.07927

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