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arXiv · 2510.22787

Collaborative LLM Agents for C4 Software Architecture Design Automation

Kamil Szczepanik·Jarosław A. Chudziak
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Abstract

Software architecture design is a fundamental part of creating every software system. Despite its importance, producing a C4 software architecture model, the preferred notation for such architecture, remains manual and time-consuming. We introduce an LLM-based multi-agent system that automates this task by simulating a dialogue between role-specific experts who analyze requirements and generate the Context, Container, and Component views of the C4 model. Quality is assessed with a hybrid evaluation framework: deterministic checks for structural and syntactic integrity and C4 rule consistency, plus semantic and qualitative scoring via an LLM-as-a-Judge approach. Tested on five canonical system briefs, the workflow demonstrates fast C4 model creation, sustains high compilation success, and delivers semantic fidelity. A comparison of four state-of-the-art LLMs shows different strengths relevant to architectural design. This study contributes to automated software architecture design and its evaluation methods.

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Kamil Szczepanik, Jarosław A. Chudziak. 2025-10-26. Collaborative LLM Agents for C4 Software Architecture Design Automation. https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.22787

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