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arXiv · 2511.17161

The PLLuM Instruction Corpus

Piotr Pęzik·Filip Żarnecki·Konrad Kaczyński·Anna Cichosz·Zuzanna Deckert·Monika Garnys·Izabela Grabarczyk·Wojciech Janowski·Sylwia Karasińska·Aleksandra Kujawiak·Piotr Misztela·Maria Szymańska·Karolina Walkusz·Igor Siek·Maciej Chrabąszcz·Anna Kołos·Agnieszka Karlińska·Karolina Seweryn·Aleksandra Krasnodębska·Paula Betscher·Zofia Cieślińska·Katarzyna Kowol·Artur Wilczek·Maciej Trzciński·Katarzyna Dziewulska·Roman Roszko·Tomasz Bernaś·Jurgita Vaičenonienė·Danuta Roszko·Paweł Levchuk·Paweł Kowalski·Irena Prawdzic-Jankowska·Marek Kozłowski·Sławomir Dadas·Rafał Poświata·Alina Wróblewska·Katarzyna Krasnowska-Kieraś·Maciej Ogrodniczuk·Michał Rudolf·Piotr Rybak·Karolina Saputa·Joanna Wołoszyn·Marcin Oleksy·Bartłomiej Koptyra·Teddy Ferdinan·Stanisław Woźniak·Maciej Piasecki·Paweł Walkowiak·Konrad Wojtasik·Arkadiusz Janz·Przemysław Kazienko·Julia Moska·Jan Kocoń
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Abstract

This paper describes the instruction dataset used to fine-tune a set of transformer-based large language models (LLMs) developed in the PLLuM (Polish Large Language Model) project. We present a functional typology of the organic, converted, and synthetic instructions used in PLLuM and share some observations about the implications of using human-authored versus synthetic instruction datasets in the linguistic adaptation of base LLMs. Additionally, we release the first representative subset of the PLLuM instruction corpus (PLLuMIC), which we believe to be useful in guiding and planning the development of similar datasets for other LLMs.

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Piotr Pęzik, Filip Żarnecki, Konrad Kaczyński, Anna Cichosz, Zuzanna Deckert, Monika Garnys, Izabela Grabarczyk, Wojciech Janowski, Sylwia Karasińska, Aleksandra Kujawiak, Piotr Misztela, Maria Szymańska, Karolina Walkusz, Igor Siek, Maciej Chrabąszcz, Anna Kołos, Agnieszka Karlińska, Karolina Seweryn, Aleksandra Krasnodębska, Paula Betscher, Zofia Cieślińska, Katarzyna Kowol, Artur Wilczek, Maciej Trzciński, Katarzyna Dziewulska, Roman Roszko, Tomasz Bernaś, Jurgita Vaičenonienė, Danuta Roszko, Paweł Levchuk, Paweł Kowalski, Irena Prawdzic-Jankowska, Marek Kozłowski, Sławomir Dadas, Rafał Poświata, Alina Wróblewska, Katarzyna Krasnowska-Kieraś, Maciej Ogrodniczuk, Michał Rudolf, Piotr Rybak, Karolina Saputa, Joanna Wołoszyn, Marcin Oleksy, Bartłomiej Koptyra, Teddy Ferdinan, Stanisław Woźniak, Maciej Piasecki, Paweł Walkowiak, Konrad Wojtasik, Arkadiusz Janz, Przemysław Kazienko, Julia Moska, Jan Kocoń. 2025-11-21. The PLLuM Instruction Corpus. https://arxiv.org/abs/2511.17161

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