Building an OceanBase-based Distributed Nearly Real-time Analytical Processing Database System

Quanqing Xu; Chuanhui Yang; Ruijie Li; Dongdong Xie; Hui Cao; Yi Xiao; Junquan Chen; Yanzuo Wang; Saitong Zhao; Fusheng Han; Bin Liu; Guoping Wang; Yuzhong Zhao; Mingqiang Zhuang

arXiv · 2602.07584

Building an OceanBase-based Distributed Nearly Real-time Analytical Processing Database System

Quanqing Xu·Chuanhui Yang·Ruijie Li·Dongdong Xie·Hui Cao·Yi Xiao·Junquan Chen·Yanzuo Wang·Saitong Zhao·Fusheng Han·Bin Liu·Guoping Wang·Yuzhong Zhao·Mingqiang Zhuang

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Abstract

The growing demand for database systems capable of efficiently managing massive datasets while delivering real-time transaction processing and advanced analytical capabilities has become critical in modern data infrastructure. While traditional OLAP systems often fail to meet these dual requirements, emerging real-time analytical processing systems still face persistent challenges, such as excessive data redundancy, complex cross-system synchronization, and suboptimal temporal efficiency. This paper introduces OceanBase Mercury as an innovative OLAP system designed for petabyte-scale data. The system features a distributed, multi-tenant architecture that ensures essential enterprise-grade requirements, including continuous availability and elastic scalability. Our technical contributions include three key components: (1) an adaptive columnar storage format with hybrid data layout optimization, (2) a differential refresh mechanism for materialized views with temporal consistency guarantees, and (3) a polymorphic vectorization engine supporting three distinct data formats. Empirical evaluations under real-world workloads demonstrate that OceanBase Mercury outperforms specialized OLAP engines by 1.3X to 3.1X speedup in query latency while maintaining sub-second latency, positioning it as a groundbreaking AP solution that effectively balances analytical depth with operational agility in big data environments.

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Quanqing Xu, Chuanhui Yang, Ruijie Li, Dongdong Xie, Hui Cao, Yi Xiao, Junquan Chen, Yanzuo Wang, Saitong Zhao, Fusheng Han, Bin Liu, Guoping Wang, Yuzhong Zhao, Mingqiang Zhuang. 2026-02-07. Building an OceanBase-based Distributed Nearly Real-time Analytical Processing Database System. https://arxiv.org/abs/2602.07584

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