AI-Supervisor: Autonomous AI Research Supervision via a Persistent Research World Model

Abstract

Existing automated research systems operate as stateless, linear pipelines -- generating outputs without maintaining any persistent understanding of the research landscape they navigate. They process papers sequentially, propose ideas without structured gap analysis, and lack mechanisms for agents to verify, challenge, or refine each other's findings. We present \textbf{AI-Supervisor}, a multi-agent orchestration framework where specialized agents provide end-to-end AI research supervision driven by human interests -- from literature review through gap discovery, method development, evaluation, and paper writing -- through autonomous exploration and self-correcting updates of research knowledge. Unlike sequential pipelines, AI-Supervisor maintains a continuously evolving \emph{Research World Model}, implemented as a Knowledge Graph, that captures methods, benchmarks, known limitations, and unexplored gaps, serving as shared memory across all agents and enabling agents to explore and build upon a structured understanding of the research landscape. The framework introduces three architectural contributions: (1) \emph{structured gap discovery} that decomposes methods into core modules, validates their performance across benchmarks, and maps the specific gaps each module creates; (2) \emph{self-correcting discovery loops} that probe why modules succeed on certain problems and fail on others, whether benchmarks carry hidden biases, and whether evaluation protocols remain adequate for emerging challenges; and (3) \emph{self-improving development loops} governed by cross-domain mechanism search that iteratively targets failing modules by finding solutions from other scientific fields. All agents operate under a \emph{consensus mechanism} where independent findings are corroborated before being committed to the Research World Model.