Physics-Informed Deep Image Prior Reconstruction of In-Plane Magnetization from Scanning NV Magnetometry

Zander Scholl; Justin Woods; Charudatta Phatak; Hanu Arava

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arXiv · 2604.23431

Physics-Informed Deep Image Prior Reconstruction of In-Plane Magnetization from Scanning NV Magnetometry

Zander Scholl·Justin Woods·Charudatta Phatak·Hanu Arava

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Abstract

Reconstructing magnetization in nanoscale magnetic thin films is essential for developing next-generation memory, sensors, and various spintronic technologies. However, this remains challenging due to the ill-posed nature of the stray field inverse problem, i.e., there are infinitely many magnetization solutions to a given stray field distribution. Here, we demonstrate that a physics-informed deep image prior (DIP) framework, using a simple convolutional autoencoder conditionally achieves a reasonable qualitative and quantitative reconstruction of complex in-plane magnetization patterns from scanning NV magnetometry. We find that the orientation of user-defined masks implemented to restrict the reconstruction solution space dramatically affects convergence. The optimal alignment of the mask improves the reconstruction signal-to-noise ratio by up to $\SI{3}{\decibel}$, thereby also serving as a diagnostic tool. The DIP approach requires no pre-trained datasets and is considered computationally less intensive as compared to supervised learning approaches. We analyze both Landau and dipole domain structures in lithographically patterned Permalloy nanostructures by incorporating experimentally-guided spatial constraints. Complementary magnetic force microscopy measurements were carried out to support the Scanning NV measurements.

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Zander Scholl, Justin Woods, Charudatta Phatak, Hanu Arava. 2026-04-25. Physics-Informed Deep Image Prior Reconstruction of In-Plane Magnetization from Scanning NV Magnetometry. https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.23431

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