NanoBTE: Fast Iterative Solution of the Phonon Boltzmann Transport Equation for Nanoscale Heat Transport

Abstract

Nanoscale heat dissipation has become a critical challenge in advanced semiconductor devices, where phonon transport can strongly deviate from the classical Fourier description due to the boundary scattering and ballistic effects. In this work, we propose NanoBTE, a deterministic finite-volume solver for the non-gray phonon Boltzmann transport equation under the relaxation-time approximation. The solver supports complex two- and three-dimensional geometries, band-resolved phonon properties, discrete-ordinates angular quadrature, volumetric heat generation, and multiple phonon boundary conditions, including thermalizing, diffuse, and specular reflections. %To improve the efficiency of multiscale simulations, both sequential and synthetic iterative schemes are implemented, where the latter couples the microscopic phonon transport equation with a macroscopic diffusion-type temperature equation to accelerate convergence in near-diffusive regimes. Both sequential and synthetic iterative options are implemented for the steady-state solution. Furthermore, NanoBTE adopts a band-direction task decomposition strategy, enabling efficient MPI-based CPU parallelization and GPU acceleration of the dominant sparse transport operations.