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arXiv · 2607.21201

Bound-Founded Semantics for Answer Set Programming with Difference Constraints: Preliminary Report

Pedro Cabalar·Jorge Fandinno·Nicolas Rühling·Torsten Schaub·Sebastian Schellhorn·Philipp Wanko
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Abstract

While the integration of linear constraints has significantly expanded the reach of Answer Set Programming (ASP), existing hybrid solvers often rely on disparate semantic underpinnings that lack a unified logical foundation. We address this gap by introducing a many-sorted variant of the Bound-founded Logic of Here-and-There (HTb), providing a versatile framework capable of characterizing equilibrium models across a wide spectrum of alternative semantics for extensions of ASP with linear constraints. We apply this framework to the setting of difference constraints, focusing on the semantic characterization of clingo[DL]. Central to our approach is the formalization of foundedness for numeric variables. By investigating how different hybrid systems - such as clingo[DL], clingcon, and flingo - justify constraint atoms, we uncover the semantic roots of their varying behaviors. This investigation results in a single, consistent framework that not only formalizes the foundations of current systems like clingo[DL] but also facilitates the rigorous study of program simplifications and the future integration of diverse semantic principles.

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Pedro Cabalar, Jorge Fandinno, Nicolas Rühling, Torsten Schaub, Sebastian Schellhorn, Philipp Wanko. 2026-07-23. Bound-Founded Semantics for Answer Set Programming with Difference Constraints: Preliminary Report. https://doi.org/10.4204/eptcs.450.27

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