Tunable anisotropy of high-harmonic generation in ferroelectric NbOI2

Inho Lee; Christopher Lane; Daniel A. Rehn; Jian-Xin Zhu

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arXiv · 2610.24302

Tunable anisotropy of high-harmonic generation in ferroelectric NbOI2

Inho Lee·Christopher Lane·Daniel A. Rehn·Jian-Xin Zhu

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Abstract

he generation of even-order harmonic spectra from inversion symmetry breaking is well known, however, the tunability of the intensity and angular anisotropy on various harmonics orders remains unclear. Here, we demonstrate the second and fourth-harmonics in the ferroelectric NbOI2 exhibit distinct wavelength-dependence and anisotropies in the near-infrared regime. In particular, as the wavelength of incident light is tuned from 2150 nm to 2450 nm, the second-harmonic remains strongest for excitation along the ferroelectric polar axis, whereas the polarization of the fourth- harmonic changes preferred axis. This effect is found to be driven by the interplay of transition dipole matrix elements and interband excitations between very narrow bands near the Fermi level. We expect the tunable anisotropy of high-harmonics to enable novel optical switching devices.

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Inho Lee, Christopher Lane, Daniel A. Rehn, Jian-Xin Zhu. 2026-10-16. Tunable anisotropy of high-harmonic generation in ferroelectric NbOI2. https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.24302

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