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arXiv · 2610.30906

Electromagnetic Modeling of Deformation-Based Pinching Antennas

Dimitrios Tyrovolas·Nikos C. Sagias·Ke Guan·George K. Karagiannidis·Stylianos D. Asimonis
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Abstract

Pinching-antenna systems (PAS) rely on local perturbations of a guiding structure to radiate part of the guided electromagnetic energy, making the physical response of the resulting pinching antenna (PA) fundamental to both guided-wave propagation and free-space radiation. To capture this coupled behavior, we develop an electromagnetic model of a finite deformation-based PA that directly relates the applied waveguide perturbation to its complex reflection and transmission responses and three-dimensional radiation characteristics. Full-wave MEEP simulations validate the model and demonstrate how the pinching ratio and pinched-section length jointly affect the transmitted power and phase, radiation power-fraction, and radiation pattern, thereby establishing PA geometry as a degree of freedom for controlling the radiation response. Importantly, this geometric dependence extends to communication performance, as the received signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) results reveal that neither minimizing the PA--user distance nor maximizing the radiation power-fraction necessarily yields the highest SNR, since the applied perturbation also determines the realized gain toward the user.

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Dimitrios Tyrovolas, Nikos C. Sagias, Ke Guan, George K. Karagiannidis, Stylianos D. Asimonis. 2026-10-22. Electromagnetic Modeling of Deformation-Based Pinching Antennas. https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.30906

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