Search arXiv⌕ Search
Home/Archive/arXiv

arXiv · 2610.33161

SN Ares: A Strongly Lensed Type IIb Supernova at $\mathbf{z=1.276}$ with a Predicted 70-Year Time Delay

Conor Larison·Justin D. R. Pierel·Matthew Siebert·Tom Resseguier·Lukas J. Furtak·Masamune Oguri·Gavin S. Farley·Hollis B. Akins·Yoshihisa Asada·Rachel Bezanson·Maruša Bradač·Gabriel Brammer·John Chisholm·Dan Coe·Pratika Dayal·Henry C. Ferguson·Steven L. Finkelstein·Seiji Fujimoto·Tomokazu Kiyota·Anton M. Koekemoer·Vasily Kokorev·Minami Nakane·Masami Ouchi·Richard Pan·Casey Papovich·Johan Richard·Luke Robbins·Fengwu Sun·Kana Takechi·Tommaso Treu·Chris Willott·Hiroto Yanagisawa·Abdurro'uf·Joseph F. V. Allingham·Ricardo O. Amorín·Franz E. Bauer·Larry Bradley·Mateusz Bronikowski·Christopher J. Conselice·David A. Coulter·James M. DerKacy·José M. Diego·Eiichi Egami·Andreas L. Faisst·Ori D. Fox·Brenda L. Frye·Yoshinobu Fudamoto·Mauro González-Otero·Massimo Griggio·Nimish P. Hathi·Tiger Yu-Yang Hsiao·Saurabh W. Jha·Y. Jiménez-Teja·Jeyhan S. Kartaltepe·Gourav Khullar·Zachary G. Lane·Paulo A. A. Lopes·Ray A. Lucas·Georgios E. Magdis·Matteo Messa·Rohan P. Naidu·Rafael Ortiz III·Massimo Pascale·Armin Rest·Massimo Ricotti·Melissa Shahbandeh·William Sheu·Koji Shukawa·Rogier A. Windhorst·Anita Zanella·Yossef Zenati·Adi Zitrin
View original source ↗Read source document ↗Export metadata ↓

Abstract

We present the discovery of supernova (SN) Ares, a strongly lensed supernova at $z_{\rm spec}=1.276\pm0.002$ in a massive, triply imaged host galaxy behind the MACS J0308.9+2645 galaxy cluster. JWST/NIRSpec spectroscopy spanning the rest-frame optical to NIR of Ares reveals helium features at $5876\,\mathring{\mathrm{A}}$, $7065\,\mathring{\mathrm{A}}$, and $10830\,\mathring{\mathrm{A}}$, as well as H$α$ and Pa$β$. A comparison to local core-collapse SN spectra and light curves leads to a classification of SN Ares as a Type IIb supernova, the highest-redshift member of its class spectroscopically identified. A comparison to local SN IIb light curves provides a phase estimate for the spectrum of $34_{-9}^{+10}$ rest-frame days post-radioactive peak, providing a unique view into a high-redshift stripped-envelope supernova in its late-photospheric evolution. A lens model of the cluster constructed using recent JWST data indicates that SN Ares is the first image to arrive and will reappear in two future images near the center of the cluster plane in $\gtrsim 70$ years, with predicted magnifications of $\sim5\times$ and $\sim1.5\times$. Planned JWST/NIRSpec Multi-Object Spectroscopy of the cluster will allow for more detailed modeling of the lensed system for tighter constraints on the time delay and magnifications, as well as a template spectrum at the location of SN Ares.

Explore related subjects

astro-ph.HEastro-ph.COastro-ph.GA

Keep this discovery

Explore connections, maps & timelines

BibTeXRIS

Conor Larison, Justin D. R. Pierel, Matthew Siebert, Tom Resseguier, Lukas J. Furtak, Masamune Oguri, Gavin S. Farley, Hollis B. Akins, Yoshihisa Asada, Rachel Bezanson, Maruša Bradač, Gabriel Brammer, John Chisholm, Dan Coe, Pratika Dayal, Henry C. Ferguson, Steven L. Finkelstein, Seiji Fujimoto, Tomokazu Kiyota, Anton M. Koekemoer, Vasily Kokorev, Minami Nakane, Masami Ouchi, Richard Pan, Casey Papovich, Johan Richard, Luke Robbins, Fengwu Sun, Kana Takechi, Tommaso Treu, Chris Willott, Hiroto Yanagisawa, Abdurro'uf, Joseph F. V. Allingham, Ricardo O. Amorín, Franz E. Bauer, Larry Bradley, Mateusz Bronikowski, Christopher J. Conselice, David A. Coulter, James M. DerKacy, José M. Diego, Eiichi Egami, Andreas L. Faisst, Ori D. Fox, Brenda L. Frye, Yoshinobu Fudamoto, Mauro González-Otero, Massimo Griggio, Nimish P. Hathi, Tiger Yu-Yang Hsiao, Saurabh W. Jha, Y. Jiménez-Teja, Jeyhan S. Kartaltepe, Gourav Khullar, Zachary G. Lane, Paulo A. A. Lopes, Ray A. Lucas, Georgios E. Magdis, Matteo Messa, Rohan P. Naidu, Rafael Ortiz III, Massimo Pascale, Armin Rest, Massimo Ricotti, Melissa Shahbandeh, William Sheu, Koji Shukawa, Rogier A. Windhorst, Anita Zanella, Yossef Zenati, Adi Zitrin. 2026-10-23. SN Ares: A Strongly Lensed Type IIb Supernova at $\mathbf{z=1.276}$ with a Predicted 70-Year Time Delay. https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.33161

Cite the original work for its findings. Save a collection to share your selection of sources.

KEEP EXPLORING

Related papers

arXiv2026

Second-scale periodicity in FRB 20201124A: coincident with critical RM evolution epochs and its possible implications

Second-timescale periodicity ($\sim$1.7\,s) has been reported in the repeating fast radio burst FRB\,20201124A during two epochs, MJD\,59310 and MJD\,59347. We find that these two epochs coincide with the days on which the Faraday rotation measure (RM) of the source passes through the transition between the quasi-steady and the strongly varying phases that are predicted by the magnetar/Be-star binary model. To examine whether this coincidence could arise by chance, we re-fitted the secular RM evolution within the same binary framework and estimated the probability of chance coincidence, $P_{\rm CC}\approx2.5\%$. Independently, and in order to cross-validate the reported periodicity, we carried out a coherent joint period search on the bursts of the two epochs, assuming a simple linear evolution of the spin period; we obtain $P_0=1.70603$\,s and $\dot{P}=6.1\times10^{-10}$\,s\,s$^{-1}$ at the reference epoch, with a Gaussian significance of $\sim3.9σ$, consistent with the previous measurement. We propose that the two periodic epochs correspond to passages of the magnetar through the decretion disk of the Be-star companion. The captured disk material suppresses low-latitude magnetospheric emission, so that the polar-cap emission dominates and the spin period becomes detectable; alternatively, because the disk material carries substantial angular momentum, accretion increases the magnetic obliquity and thereby amplifies the periodic modulation of the polar-cap emission. The synchronization between the burst periodicity and the magneto-ionic transition points to a link between burst activity and the dynamical evolution of the source environment. The details of the binary-model fit and of the period search are given in Appendices A and B.

astro-ph.HE↗
arXiv2026

Relativistic hydrodynamics of a charged fluid from Myers-Pospelov Lorentz-Violating Electrodynamics

We derive the equations of relativistic hydrodynamics for a charged fluid from Lorentz-violating Myers--Pospelov electrodynamics. Starting from the modified fermionic and electromagnetic equations of motion, we employ the covariant Wigner formalism to establish the semiclassical spectral constraints and distribution function, which, combined with Noether's theorem, yield the energy-momentum tensor, particle current, and corresponding conservation laws in the presence of Lorentz violation. The resulting hydrodynamic description contains Lorentz-violating corrections to the thermodynamic quantities and to the fluid currents. In the purely timelike sector, these corrections can be absorbed into effective thermodynamic quantities, preserving the isotropic structure of the fluid equations. In contrast, spacelike backgrounds introduce explicit contributions along the preferred direction, which cannot be absorbed into the standard hydrodynamic variables and give rise to anisotropic forces and torques. These effects lead to departures from standard relativistic charged-fluid hydrodynamics and provide a direct macroscopic manifestation of the Lorentz-violating background. Our results establish a first-principles framework for investigating the macroscopic consequences of Lorentz violation in relativistic charged fluids and provide a starting point for the development of a consistent Lorentz-violating relativistic magnetohydrodynamic theory.

astro-ph.HE↗
arXiv2026

Multiwavelength Classification of Chandra Sources in Omega Centauri

We present a comprehensive study of X-ray sources in the globular cluster NGC 5139 to date. Over 200 Chandra sources are cross-matched to multiwavelength catalogs from HST, JWST, and MeerKAT. We employ a machine-learning classification pipeline (MUWCLASS) for the first time in such a crowded stellar environment and introduce the globular-cluster-specific training dataset, which compiles previously classified sources from 25 Galactic globular clusters. Given the challenges presented by the high-density environment, we compare the MUWCLASS results with traditional classification methods. We confirm counterpart associations suggested in previous works and also identify new confident and candidate associations. We discuss the implications of our classification results in light of models of cluster dynamical evolution and binary formation/destruction.

astro-ph.HE↗