New constraints on holographic dark energy with high-redshift galaxy observations from JWST

Abstract

Observations of high-redshift galaxies from the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) provide a complementary probe of early structure formation. Meanwhile, DESI results have provided further indications of possible dynamical dark energy, prompting investigations of theoretically motivated dark energy models. In this work, we investigate holographic dark energy (HDE) and interacting holographic dark energy (IHDE) using JWST ultraviolet luminosity function measurements, cosmic microwave background (CMB) observations from Planck and ACT, DESI DR2 baryon acoustic oscillation measurements, and DES-Dovekie type~Ia supernova data. We find that JWST has little impact on the parameter constraints of $Λ$CDM and HDE but produces more pronounced changes in those of IHDE. For CMB+DESI+DES-Dovekie, adding JWST shifts the holographic parameter $c$ from $1.270^{+0.146}_{-0.096}$ to $1.091\pm0.095$ and the interaction parameter $β$ from $0.650^{+0.104}_{-0.034}$ to $0.498^{+0.090}_{-0.061}$, accompanied by an increase in $Ω_{\rm m}$ and a decrease in $S_8$. For the full data combination, $χ^2_{\rm JWST}$ decreases by approximately $7$ for both HDE and IHDE compared with $Λ$CDM, indicating improved fits to the high-redshift galaxy abundances. Our results highlight the complementary role of high-redshift galaxy observations in probing the HDE and IHDE models.