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arXiv · 2411.16778

GEMeX: A Large-Scale, Groundable, and Explainable Medical VQA Benchmark for Chest X-ray Diagnosis

Bo Liu·Ke Zou·Liming Zhan·Zexin Lu·Xiaoyu Dong·Yidi Chen·Chengqiang Xie·Jiannong Cao·Xiao-Ming Wu·Huazhu Fu
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Abstract

Medical Visual Question Answering (Med-VQA) combines computer vision and natural language processing to automatically answer clinical inquiries about medical images. However, current Med-VQA datasets exhibit two significant limitations: (1) they often lack visual and textual explanations for answers, hindering comprehension for patients and junior doctors; (2) they typically offer a narrow range of question formats, inadequately reflecting the diverse requirements in practical scenarios. These limitations pose significant challenges to the development of a reliable and user-friendly Med-VQA system. To address these challenges, we introduce a large-scale, Groundable, and Explainable Medical VQA benchmark for chest X-ray diagnosis (GEMeX), featuring several innovative components: (1) a multi-modal explainability mechanism that offers detailed visual and textual explanations for each question-answer pair, thereby enhancing answer comprehensibility; (2) four question types, open-ended, closed-ended, single-choice, and multiple-choice, to better reflect practical needs. With 151,025 images and 1,605,575 questions, GEMeX is the currently largest chest X-ray VQA dataset. Evaluation of 12 representative large vision language models (LVLMs) on GEMeX reveals suboptimal performance, underscoring the dataset's complexity. Meanwhile, we propose a strong model by fine-tuning an existing LVLM on the GEMeX training set. The substantial performance improvement showcases the dataset's effectiveness. The benchmark is available at https://www.med-vqa.com/GEMeX.

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Bo Liu, Ke Zou, Liming Zhan, Zexin Lu, Xiaoyu Dong, Yidi Chen, Chengqiang Xie, Jiannong Cao, Xiao-Ming Wu, Huazhu Fu. 2025-03-23. GEMeX: A Large-Scale, Groundable, and Explainable Medical VQA Benchmark for Chest X-ray Diagnosis. https://arxiv.org/abs/2411.16778

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