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arXiv · 2508.06471

GLM-4.5: Agentic, Reasoning, and Coding (ARC) Foundation Models

5 Team·Aohan Zeng·Xin Lv·Qinkai Zheng·Zhenyu Hou·Bin Chen·Chengxing Xie·Cunxiang Wang·Da Yin·Hao Zeng·Jiajie Zhang·Kedong Wang·Lucen Zhong·Mingdao Liu·Rui Lu·Shulin Cao·Xiaohan Zhang·Xuancheng Huang·Yao Wei·Yean Cheng·Yifan An·Yilin Niu·Yuanhao Wen·Yushi Bai·Zhengxiao Du·Zihan Wang·Zilin Zhu·Bohan Zhang·Bosi Wen·Bowen Wu·Bowen Xu·Can Huang·Casey Zhao·Changpeng Cai·Chao Yu·Chen Li·Chendi Ge·Chenghua Huang·Chenhui Zhang·Chenxi Xu·Chenzheng Zhu·Chuang Li·Congfeng Yin·Daoyan Lin·Dayong Yang·Dazhi Jiang·Ding Ai·Erle Zhu·Fei Wang·Gengzheng Pan·Guo Wang·Hailong Sun·Haitao Li·Haiyang Li·Haiyi Hu·Hanyu Zhang·Hao Peng·Hao Tai·Haoke Zhang·Haoran Wang·Haoyu Yang·He Liu·He Zhao·Hongwei Liu·Hongxi Yan·Huan Liu·Huilong Chen·Ji Li·Jiajing Zhao·Jiamin Ren·Jian Jiao·Jiani Zhao·Jianyang Yan·Jiaqi Wang·Jiayi Gui·Jiayue Zhao·Jie Liu·Jijie Li·Jing Li·Jing Lu·Jingsen Wang·Jingwei Yuan·Jingxuan Li·Jingzhao Du·Jinhua Du·Jinxin Liu·Junkai Zhi·Junli Gao·Ke Wang·Lekang Yang·Liang Xu·Lin Fan·Lindong Wu·Lintao Ding·Lu Wang·Man Zhang·Minghao Li·Minghuan Xu·Mingming Zhao·Mingshu Zhai
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Abstract

We present GLM-4.5, an open-source Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) large language model with 355B total parameters and 32B activated parameters, featuring a hybrid reasoning method that supports both thinking and direct response modes. Through multi-stage training on 23T tokens and comprehensive post-training with expert model iteration and reinforcement learning, GLM-4.5 achieves strong performance across agentic, reasoning, and coding (ARC) tasks, scoring 70.1% on TAU-Bench, 91.0% on AIME 24, and 64.2% on SWE-bench Verified. With much fewer parameters than several competitors, GLM-4.5 ranks 3rd overall among all evaluated models and 2nd on agentic benchmarks. We release both GLM-4.5 (355B parameters) and a compact version, GLM-4.5-Air (106B parameters), to advance research in reasoning and agentic AI systems. Code, models, and more information are available at https://github.com/zai-org/GLM-4.5.

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5 Team, Aohan Zeng, Xin Lv, Qinkai Zheng, Zhenyu Hou, Bin Chen, Chengxing Xie, Cunxiang Wang, Da Yin, Hao Zeng, Jiajie Zhang, Kedong Wang, Lucen Zhong, Mingdao Liu, Rui Lu, Shulin Cao, Xiaohan Zhang, Xuancheng Huang, Yao Wei, Yean Cheng, Yifan An, Yilin Niu, Yuanhao Wen, Yushi Bai, Zhengxiao Du, Zihan Wang, Zilin Zhu, Bohan Zhang, Bosi Wen, Bowen Wu, Bowen Xu, Can Huang, Casey Zhao, Changpeng Cai, Chao Yu, Chen Li, Chendi Ge, Chenghua Huang, Chenhui Zhang, Chenxi Xu, Chenzheng Zhu, Chuang Li, Congfeng Yin, Daoyan Lin, Dayong Yang, Dazhi Jiang, Ding Ai, Erle Zhu, Fei Wang, Gengzheng Pan, Guo Wang, Hailong Sun, Haitao Li, Haiyang Li, Haiyi Hu, Hanyu Zhang, Hao Peng, Hao Tai, Haoke Zhang, Haoran Wang, Haoyu Yang, He Liu, He Zhao, Hongwei Liu, Hongxi Yan, Huan Liu, Huilong Chen, Ji Li, Jiajing Zhao, Jiamin Ren, Jian Jiao, Jiani Zhao, Jianyang Yan, Jiaqi Wang, Jiayi Gui, Jiayue Zhao, Jie Liu, Jijie Li, Jing Li, Jing Lu, Jingsen Wang, Jingwei Yuan, Jingxuan Li, Jingzhao Du, Jinhua Du, Jinxin Liu, Junkai Zhi, Junli Gao, Ke Wang, Lekang Yang, Liang Xu, Lin Fan, Lindong Wu, Lintao Ding, Lu Wang, Man Zhang, Minghao Li, Minghuan Xu, Mingming Zhao, Mingshu Zhai. 2025-08-08. GLM-4.5: Agentic, Reasoning, and Coding (ARC) Foundation Models. https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.06471

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