Integrating Attention-Enhanced LSTM and Particle Swarm Optimization for Dynamic Pricing and Replenishment Strategies in Fresh Food Supermarkets

Xianchen Liu; Tianhui Zhang; Xinyu Zhang; Lingmin Hou; Zhen Guo; Yuanhao Tian; Yang Liu

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arXiv · 2509.12339

Integrating Attention-Enhanced LSTM and Particle Swarm Optimization for Dynamic Pricing and Replenishment Strategies in Fresh Food Supermarkets

Xianchen Liu·Tianhui Zhang·Xinyu Zhang·Lingmin Hou·Zhen Guo·Yuanhao Tian·Yang Liu

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Abstract

This paper presents a novel approach to optimizing pricing and replenishment strategies in fresh food supermarkets by combining Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks with Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO). The LSTM model, enhanced with an attention mechanism, is used to predict sales volumes, pricing trends, and spoilage rates over a seven-day period. The predictions generated by the LSTM model serve as inputs for the PSO algorithm, which iteratively optimizes pricing and replenishment strategies to maximize profitability while adhering to inventory constraints. The integration of cost-plus pricing allows for dynamic adjustments based on fixed and variable costs, ensuring real-time adaptability to market fluctuations. The framework not only maximizes profits but also reduces food waste, contributing to more sustainable supermarket operations. The attention mechanism enhances the interpretability of the LSTM model by identifying key time points and factors influencing sales, improving decision-making accuracy. This methodology bridges the gap between predictive modeling and optimization, offering a scalable solution for dynamic pricing and inventory management in fresh food retail and other industries dealing with perishable goods.

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Xianchen Liu, Tianhui Zhang, Xinyu Zhang, Lingmin Hou, Zhen Guo, Yuanhao Tian, Yang Liu. 2025-09-15. Integrating Attention-Enhanced LSTM and Particle Swarm Optimization for Dynamic Pricing and Replenishment Strategies in Fresh Food Supermarkets. https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.12339

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