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arXiv · 2602.13054

Polariton-mediated binding of anti-aligned dipolar excitons

Haifeng Kang·Quanbing Guo·Tianyi Zhou·Shun Feng·Wei Dai·Kenji Watanabe·Takashi Taniguchi·Hongxing Xu·Ting Yu·Xiaoze Liu
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Abstract

Interacting bosonic quasiparticles are the cornerstone for exploring many-body physics and nonlinear quantum phenomena in correlated light-matter systems. Strongly interacting dipolar excitons in van der Waals heterostructures have attracted significant interest due to their out-of-plane electric dipole moments and high tunability via the quantum-confined Stark effect (QCSE). However, leveraging these tunable dipolar excitons in strongly coupled exciton-photon systems to explore exotic many-body physics and macroscopic quantum phenomena remains experimentally elusive. Here, we report the strong coupling of dipolar excitons in a gated bilayer MoS2 device integrated with a one-dimensional photonic crystal hosting bound-states-in-continuum (BIC). The resulting polaritons hybridize cavity photons with a coherent superposition of two electrically tunable anti-aligned dipolar excitons, effectively binding them into composite quasiparticle states. By tuning the dipolar excitons into non-degenerate states via the QCSE, we realize in situ reconfiguration of the polariton wavefunction and observe an emergent polariton branch exhibiting non-monotonic Stark shifts. Notably, these tunable polaritons allow for customized control over nonlinear interactions through distinct excitonic hybridization and dipolar configurations. This in situ tunability offers a scalable pathway toward electrically programmable quantum fluids of light and correlated polariton phases in on-chip photonic integrated circuits.

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Haifeng Kang, Quanbing Guo, Tianyi Zhou, Shun Feng, Wei Dai, Kenji Watanabe, Takashi Taniguchi, Hongxing Xu, Ting Yu, Xiaoze Liu. 2026-02-13. Polariton-mediated binding of anti-aligned dipolar excitons. https://arxiv.org/abs/2602.13054

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