Neither Over- nor Under-Constrained: Evaluating LLM Personalization under a Constraint Qualification Audit

Abstract

Accurate evaluation of LLM personalization is hindered by current evaluation paradigms that over- or under-constrain the response space, yielding frequent false rejections and false acceptances. To reduce these false rates, we introduce ConQual-Audit, an audit-based framework that evaluates LLM personalization through a three-stage process: (1) extracting semantic constraints from user profiles and task-grounded reference; (2) qualifying constraints by pruning unnecessary constraints and recovering missing constraints; and (3) verifying candidate responses against the audited constraints via natural language inference. Across PrefEval and LaMP, ConQual-Audit outperforms nine baselines, attaining top AUCs (0.88 and 0.90) and the lowest false rate (0.21) on the leanest constraint sets at an amortizable audit cost. Crucially, this constraint audit is portable: integrating it into ExPerT and PREF helps revise smaller, higher-quality constraint sets to reduce their evaluation false rates.