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Hui Zhang

Publications and source records attributed to Hui Zhang.

At least 505 records · Page 28Linked to original sources

Linear Convergence of the Proximal Incremental Aggregated Gradient Method under Quadratic Growth Condition

Under the strongly convex assumption, several recent works studied the global linear convergence rate of the proximal incremental aggregated gradient (PIAG) method for minimizing the sum of a large number of smooth component functions and a non-smooth convex function. In this paper, under \textsl{the quadratic growth condition}--a strictly weaker condition than the strongly convex assumption, we derive a new global linear convergence rate result, which implies that the PIAG method attains global linear convergence rates in both the function value and iterate point errors. The main idea behind is to construct a certain Lyapunov function.

math.OC↗

Compton suppression in BEGe detectors by digital pulse shape analysis

A new method of pulse shape discrimination (PSD) for BEGe detectors is developed to suppress Compton-continuum by digital pulse shape analysis (PSA), which helps reduce the Compton background level in gamma ray spectrometry. A decision parameter related to the rise time of a pulse shape was presented. The method was verified by experiments using 60Co and 137Cs sources. The result indicated that the 60Co Peak to Compton ratio and the Cs-Peak to Co-Compton ratio could be improved by more than two and three times, respectively.

physics.ins-det↗

Multiset Combinatorial Batch Codes

Batch codes, first introduced by Ishai, Kushilevitz, Ostrovsky, and Sahai, mimic a distributed storage of a set of $n$ data items on $m$ servers, in such a way that any batch of $k$ data items can be retrieved by reading at most some $t$ symbols from each server. Combinatorial batch codes, are replication-based batch codes in which each server stores a subset of the data items. In this paper, we propose a generalization of combinatorial batch codes, called multiset combinatorial batch codes (MCBC), in which $n$ data items are stored in $m$ servers, such that any multiset request of $k$ items, where any item is requested at most $r$ times, can be retrieved by reading at most $t$ items from each server. The setup of this new family of codes is motivated by recent work on codes which enable high availability and parallel reads in distributed storage systems. The main problem under this paradigm is to minimize the number of items stored in the servers, given the values of $n,m,k,r,t$, which is denoted by $N(n,k,m,t;r)$. We first give a necessary and sufficient condition for the existence of MCBCs. Then, we present several bounds on $N(n,k,m,t;r)$ and constructions of MCBCs. In particular, we determine the value of $N(n,k,m,1;r)$ for any $n\geq \left\lfloor\frac{k-1}{r}\right\rfloor{m\choose k-1}-(m-k+1)A(m,4,k-2)$, where $A(m,4,k-2)$ is the maximum size of a binary constant weight code of length $m$, distance four and weight $k-2$. We also determine the exact value of $N(n,k,m,1;r)$ when $r\in\{k,k-1\}$ or $k=m$.

cs.DM↗

Vanishing Viscosity Limit For the 3D Nonhomogeneous Incompressible Navier-Stokes Equations With a Slip Boundary Condition

In this paper, we investigate the vanishing viscosity limit for the 3D nonhomogeneous incompressible Navier-Stokes equations with a slip boundary condition. We establish the local well-posedness of the strong solutions for initial boundary value problems for such systems. Furthermore, the vanishing viscosity limit process is established and a strong rate of convergence is obtained as the boundary of the domain is flat. In addition, it is needed to add some additional condition for density to match well the boundary condition.

math.AP↗

Neutron background measurements at China Jinping underground laboratory with a Bonner Multi-sphere Spectrometer

The neutron background spectrum from thermal neutron to 20 MeV fast neutron was measured at the first experimental hall of China Jinping underground laboratory with a Bonner multi-sphere spectrometer. The measurement system was validated by a Cf252 source and inconformity was corrected. Due to micro charge discharge, the dataset was screened and background from the steel of the detectors was estimated by MC simulation. Based on genetic algorithm we obtained the energy distribution of the neutron and the total flux of neutron was (2.69 +/-1.02) *10^-5 cm^-2s^-1

physics.ins-det↗

Active Deep Learning for Classification of Hyperspectral Images

Active deep learning classification of hyperspectral images is considered in this paper. Deep learning has achieved success in many applications, but good-quality labeled samples are needed to construct a deep learning network. It is expensive getting good labeled samples in hyperspectral images for remote sensing applications. An active learning algorithm based on a weighted incremental dictionary learning is proposed for such applications. The proposed algorithm selects training samples that maximize two selection criteria, namely representative and uncertainty. This algorithm trains a deep network efficiently by actively selecting training samples at each iteration. The proposed algorithm is applied for the classification of hyperspectral images, and compared with other classification algorithms employing active learning. It is shown that the proposed algorithm is efficient and effective in classifying hyperspectral images.

cs.LG↗

Improved Algorithms and Coupled Neutron-Photon Transport for Auto-Importance Sampling Method

The Auto-Importance Sampling (AIS) method is a Monte Carlo variance reduction technique proposed for deep penetration problems, which can significantly improve computational efficiency without pre-calculations for importance distribution. However, the AIS method is only validated with several simple examples, and cannot be used for coupled neutron-photon transport. This paper presents the improved algorithms for the AIS method, including particle transport, fictitious particles creation and adjustment, fictitious surface geometry, random number allocation and calculation of the estimated relative error. These improvements allow the AIS method to be applicable to complicated deep penetration problems with complex geometry and multiple materials. A coupled Neutron-Photon Auto-Importance Sampling (NP-AIS) method is proposed to solve the deep penetration problems of coupled neutron-photon transport using the improved algorithms. The NUREG/CR-6115 PWR benchmark was calculated by using the methods of NP-AIS, geometry splitting with Russian roulette and the analog Monte Carlo, respectively. The calculation results of NP-AIS were in good agreement with those of geometry splitting with Russian roulette and the benchmark solutions. The computational efficiency of NP-AIS for both neutron and photon was much better than that of geometry splitting with Russian roulette in most cases, and increased by several orders of magnitude compared with that of the analog Monte Carlo.

nucl-th↗

Exoplanet Orbital Eccentricities Derived From LAMOST-Kepler Analysis

The nearly circular (mean eccentricity ~0.06) and coplanar (mean mutual inclination ~3 deg) orbits of the Solar System planets motivated Kant and Laplace to put forth the hypothesis that planets are formed in disks, which has developed into the widely accepted theory of planet formation. Surprisingly, the first several hundred extrasolar planets (mostly Jovian) discovered using the Radial Velocity (RV) technique are commonly on eccentric orbits ( ~ 0.3). This raises a fundamental question: Are the Solar System and its formation special? The Kepler mission has found thousands of transiting planets dominated by sub-Neptunes, but most of their orbital eccentricities remain unknown. By using the precise spectroscopic host star parameters from the LAMOST observations, we measure the eccentricity distributions for a large (698) and homogeneous Kepler planet sample with transit duration statistics. Nearly half of the planets are in systems with single transiting planets (singles), while the other half are multiple-transiting planets (multiples). We find an eccentricity dichotomy: on average, Kepler singles are on eccentric orbits with ~0.3, while the multiples are on nearly circular ( = 0.04^{+0.03}_{-0.04}) and coplanar ( = 1.4^{+0.8}_{-1.1} deg) orbits similar to the Solar System planets. Our results are consistent with previous studies of smaller samples and individual systems. We also show that Kepler multiples and solar system objects follow a common relation ~(1-2)x between mean eccentricities and mutual inclinations. The prevalence of circular orbits and the common relation may imply that the solar system is not so atypical in the galaxy after all.

astro-ph.EP↗

Global Instability of Exo-Moon System Triggered by Photo-Evaporation

Many exoplanets have been found in orbits close to their host stars and thus they are subject to the effects of photo-evaporation. Previous studies have shown that a large portion of exoplanets detected by the Kepler mission have been significantly eroded by photo-evaporation. In this paper, we numerically study the effects of photo-evaporation on the orbital evolution of a hypothesized moon system around a planet. We find that photo-evaporation is crucial to the stability of the moon system. Photo-evaporation can erode the atmosphere of the planet thus leading to significant mass loss. As the planet loses mass, its Hill radius shrinks and its moons increase their orbital semi-major axes and eccentricities. When some moons approach their critical semi-major axes, global instability of the moon system would be triggered, which usually ends up with two, one or even zero surviving moons. Some lost moons could escape from the moon system to become a new planet orbiting the star or run away further to become a free-floating object in the Galaxy. Given the destructive role of photo-evaporation, we speculate that exo-moons are less common for close-in planets ($<0.1$ AU), especially those around M-type stars, because they are more X-ray luminous and thus enhancing photo-evaporation. The lessons we learn in this study may be helpful for the target selection of on-going/future exomoon searching programs.

astro-ph.EP↗

Stellar Flares in the CSTAR Field: Results from the 2008 Data Set

The Chinese Small Telescope ARray (CSTAR) is the first Chinese astronomical instrument placed in Antarctica. It is a group of four identical, fully automatic $14.5\,\rm{cm}$ telescopes, with an field of view (FOV) of $20\,\rm{deg^2}$ centered on the South Celestial Pole. Placed at Antarctic Dome A, CSTAR is designed to provide high-cadence photometry for site monitoring and variable sources detection. During the 2008 observing season, CSTAR has taken high-precision photometric data for 18,145 stars around the South Celestial Pole. At $i\,=\,7.5$ and $12$, the photometric precision reaches $\sim 8$ mmag and $\sim 30$ mmag with a cadence of 20s or 30s, respectively. Using robust detection method, we have found 15 stellar flares on 13 sources, including two classified variables. We have also found a linear relation between the decay times and the total durations of the stellar flares. The details of all detected flares along with their stellar properties are presented in this work.

astro-ph.SR↗

Scientific Goals of the Kunlun Infrared Sky Survey (KISS)

The high Antarctic plateau provides exceptional conditions for conducting infrared observations of the cosmos on account of the cold, dry and stable atmosphere above the ice surface. This paper describes the scientific goals behind the first program to examine the time-varying universe in the infrared from Antarctica - the Kunlun Infrared Sky Survey (KISS). This will employ a small (50 cm aperture) telescope to monitor the southern skies in the 2.4um Kdark window from China's Kunlun station at Dome A, on the summit of the Antarctic plateau, through the uninterrupted 4-month period of winter darkness. An earlier paper discussed optimisation of the Kdark filter for the best sensitivity (Li et al 2016). This paper examines the scientific program for KISS. We calculate the sensitivity of the camera for the extrema of observing conditions that will be encountered. We present the parameters for sample surveys that could then be carried out for a range of cadences and sensitivities. We then discuss several science programs that could be conducted with these capabilities, involving star formation, brown dwarfs and hot Jupiters, exoplanets around M dwarfs, the terminal phases of stellar evolution, discovering fast transients as part of multi-wavelength campaigns, embedded supernova searches, reverberation mapping of active galactic nuclei, gamma ray bursts and the detection of the cosmic infrared background. Accepted for publication in PASA, 04/08/16.

astro-ph.IM↗

Characterization study of a broad-energy germanium detector at CJPL

The ability of background discrimination using pulse shape discrimination (PSD) in broad-energy germanium (BEGe) detectors makes them as competitive candidates for neutrinoless double beta decay (0ν\b{eta}\b{eta}) experiments. The measurements of key parameters for detector modeling in a commercial p-type BEGe detector are presented in this paper. Point-like sources were used to investigate the energy resolution and linearity of the detector. A cylindrical volume source was used for the efficiency calibration. With an assembled device for source positioning, a collimated 133Ba point-like source was used to scan the detector and investigate the active volume. A point-like source of 241Am was used to measure the dead layer thicknesses, which are approximately 0.17 mm on the front and 1.18 mm on the side. The described characterization method will play an important role in the 0ν\b{eta}\b{eta} experiments with BEGe detectors at China JinPing underground Laboratory (CJPL) in the future.

physics.ins-det↗

The restricted strong convexity revisited: Analysis of equivalence to error bound and quadratic growth

The restricted strong convexity is an effective tool for deriving globally linear convergence rates of descent methods in convex minimization. Recently, the global error bound and quadratic growth properties appeared as new competitors. In this paper, with the help of Ekeland's variational principle, we show the equivalence between these three notions. To deal with convex minimization over a closed convex set and structured convex optimization, we propose a group of modified versions and a group of extended versions of these three notions by using gradient mapping and proximal gradient mapping separately, and prove that the equivalence for the modified and extended versions still holds. Based on these equivalence notions, we establish new asymptotically linear convergence results for the proximal gradient method. Finally, we revisit the problem of minimizing the composition of an affine mapping with a strongly convex differentiable function over a polyhedral set, and obtain a strengthened property of the restricted strong convex type under mild assumptions.

math.OC↗

The granularity effect in amorphous InGaZnO$_4$ films prepared by rf sputtering method

We systematically investigated the temperature behaviors of the electrical conductivity and Hall coefficient of two series of amorphous indium gallium zinc oxides (a-IGZO) films prepared by rf sputtering method. The two series of films are $\sim$700\,nm and $\sim$25\,nm thick, respectively. For each film, the conductivity increases with decreasing temperature from 300\,K to $T_{\rm max}$, where $T_{\rm max}$ is the temperature at which the conductivity reaches its maximum. Below $T_{\rm max}$, the conductivity decreases with decreasing temperature. Both the conductivity and Hall coefficient vary linearly with $\ln T$ at low temperature regime. The $\ln T$ behaviors of conductivity and Hall coefficient cannot be explained by the traditional electron-electron interaction theory, but can be quantitatively described by the current electron-electron theory due to the presence of granularity. Combining with the scanning electron microscopy images of the films, we propose that the boundaries between the neighboring a-IGZO particles could make the film inhomogeneous and play an important role in the electron transport processes.

cond-mat.mes-hall↗

Growth and characterization of CaFe$_{1-x}$Co$_x$AsF single crystals by CaAs flux method

Millimeter sized single crystals of CaFe$_{1-x}$Co$_x$AsF were grown using a self-flux method. It is found that high-quality single crystals can be grown from three approaches with different initial raw materials. The chemical compositions and crystal structure were characterized carefully. The c-axis lattice constant is suppressed by the Co substitution. Superconductivity with the critical transition $T_c$ as high as 21 K was confirmed by both the resistivity and magnetic susceptibility measurements in the sample with $x$ = 0.12. Moreover, it is found that $T_c$ can be enhanced for about 1 K under the very small hydrostatic pressure of 0.22 GPa, which is more quickly than that reported in the polycrystalline samples. Our results is a promotion for the physical investigations of 1111 phase iron-pnictide superconductors.

cond-mat.supr-con↗

On robust width property for Lasso and Dantzig selector

Recently, Cahill and Mixon completely characterized the sensing operators in many compressed sensing instances with a robust width property. The proposed property allows uniformly stable and robust reconstruction of certain solutions from an underdetermined linear system via convex optimization. However, their theory does not cover the Lasso and Dantzig selector models, both of which are popular alternatives in the statistics community. In this letter, we show that the robust width property can be perfectly applied to these two models as well. Our results solve an open problem left by Cahill and Mixon.

cs.IT↗

Bounds for Batch Codes with Restricted Query Size

We present new upper bounds on the parameters of batch codes with restricted query size. These bounds are an improvement on the Singleton bound. The techniques for derivations of these bounds are based on the ideas in the literature for codes with locality. By employing additional ideas, we obtain further improvements, which are specific for batch codes.

cs.IT↗