FedGUI: Benchmarking Federated GUI Agents across Heterogeneous Platforms, Devices, and Operating Systems

Wenhao Wang; Haoting Shi; Mengying Yuan; Yiquan Lin; Panrong Tong; Hanzhang Zhou; Guangyi Liu; Pengxiang Zhao; Yue Wang; Siheng Chen

arXiv · 2604.14956

FedGUI: Benchmarking Federated GUI Agents across Heterogeneous Platforms, Devices, and Operating Systems

Wenhao Wang·Haoting Shi·Mengying Yuan·Yiquan Lin·Panrong Tong·Hanzhang Zhou·Guangyi Liu·Pengxiang Zhao·Yue Wang·Siheng Chen

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Abstract

Training GUI agents with traditional centralized methods faces significant cost and scalability challenges. Federated learning (FL) offers a promising solution, yet its potential is hindered by the lack of benchmarks that capture real-world, cross-platform heterogeneity. To bridge this gap, we introduce FedGUI, the first comprehensive benchmark for developing and evaluating federated GUI agents across mobile, web, and desktop platforms. FedGUI provides a suite of six curated datasets to systematically study four crucial types of heterogeneity: cross-platform, cross-device, cross-OS, and cross-source. Extensive experiments reveal several key insights: First, we show that cross-platform collaboration improves performance, extending prior mobile-only federated learning to diverse GUI environments; Second, we demonstrate the presence of distinct heterogeneity dimensions and identify platform and OS as the most influential factors. FedGUI provides a vital foundation for the community to build more scalable and privacy-preserving GUI agents for real-world deployment. Our code and data are publicly available at https://github.com/wwh0411/FedGUI..

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Wenhao Wang, Haoting Shi, Mengying Yuan, Yiquan Lin, Panrong Tong, Hanzhang Zhou, Guangyi Liu, Pengxiang Zhao, Yue Wang, Siheng Chen. 2026-04-16. FedGUI: Benchmarking Federated GUI Agents across Heterogeneous Platforms, Devices, and Operating Systems. https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.14956

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